Rueil-Malmaison

The work targeted in this thesis is part of the current global context of reducing the energy footprint of mobility through innovative techniques. Within IFPEN, work is already being carried out on eco-driving and eco-routing, but also on mobility modeling via hybridization approaches between classical physical models and new mobility data (floating mobile data, floating car data, census data, survey data on people's mobility, telephone data, etc.).

In a context of energy crisis, health monitoring of wind turbines is a major economic issue. This monitoring allows costs to be reduced by anticipating maintenance operations and optimising operating time. Classical approaches propose to exploit the measurements of a few sensors placed on the wind turbine. For example, OMA (Operational Modal Analysis) approaches allow to follow a change in the natural frequencies or modal deformations of the structure.

Cooperative eco-driving algorithms for light electric vehicles and their experimental validation on a reduced scale "Downscaling

To reduce the significant impact of the transportation sector on the environment, developed countries worldwide have started a massive electrification of their car fleets with a high-volume production of the main components of the electric vehicle powertrain: the battery, the inverter, the electric motor, and the mechanical transmission elements. The electric motor is a central component of the powertrain, generally made of rare-earth magnets, copper, magnetic iron sheets (FeSi), aluminum and steel.

IFPEN conducts research to optimize biotechnological processes in the field of bio-based chemistry and biofuels. A significant part of these improvements is based on a better understanding of the microorganisms used with the help of systems biology. For this purpose, omics data are collected to represent the different regulatory layers of a cell according to given conditions. However, the processing of these data is usually done by stratum and hardly exploits the complementarity of the regulations.

With the growing attractiveness of hydrogen (H2) as a fuel source for tomorrow's mobility, the issue of H2 storage will become central, especially for the medium size storage as for example in gas station for vehicles. The unique density and diffusivity properties of H2 at ambient conditions make storage very difficult. Indeed, storage by liquefaction requires being at a temperature of -240°C. Another possibility is storage in a porous material by absorption and adsorption.

The development of new technologies in the field of energy requires the implementation of high-capacity heat exchangers. More specifically, IFPEN is now involved in research and innovation related to the desire to decarbonize industrial processes. This thesis is part of the ANR ORCHESTRA national project whose ambition is to design, elaborate and rationally evaluate long-lived porous silicon carbide (SiC)-based architectures with disruptive 3D geometries, applied as volumetric high-temperature solar receivers (VSRs) on top of a solar tower plant.

Through various research programs, IFP Energies nouvelles is strongly involved in the development of bioprocesses to produce biofuels and bio-based chemical intermediates. In particular, the Biotechnology department focuses on biological pathways trough the use of micro-organisms, such as Clostridium acetobutylicum.

The subject of plastics in the environment as a polluting and potentially toxic material for all living beings is today a major national, European, and international issue. About ten years ago, two studies were the first to provide a synthesis of work on methods for identifying and quantifying plastics in the marine environment (Cole et al., 2011; Hidalgo-Ruz et al., 2012). These papers have listed major scientific problems that limit the identification and quantification of plastics, and this on all environmental compartments (hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere).

Polyvinyl chloride called PVC is the third most produced synthetic polymer in the world. This economic success is explained not only by its low production cost, the excellence of its properties but also by its versatility. This omnipresence results in the abundant generation of waste, the burial and incineration of which remain problematic. This observation shows the interest of a PVC recycling strategy as part of the energy transition.